COLLABORATIVE CREATIVITY IN AD HOC VIRTUAL TEAMS: TESTING AND EVALUATING THE ACCEPTANCE AND USABILITY OF SELECTED CREATIVITY TECHNIQUES IN A VIRTUAL WORKSPACE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25112/bcij.v1i1.2673Palavras-chave:
Collaborative creativity, Virtual ad hoc teams, Creativity techniques, Experimental design, Ideation sessionResumo
Creativity in the context of marketing and as the prerequisite of innovation is a group achievement, not merely a solitary feat. Whereas “group” in the past meant convening in one place, using tools and techniques to be creative together, it recently evolved into meet-ing in virtual places, sometimes with complete strangers, working together to achieve a shared goal, using state-of-the-art information and communication technologies. What stays the same is the need to use creativity techniques, to try to trigger and enhance individual and collaborative creativity, and to gather a greater number of ideas in a short time. This article addresses the acceptance and usability of some of the most popular creativity techniques for virtual ideation in a digital workspace, as well as prominent inhibiting and enhancing factors to virtual creative teamwork. In a laboratory experiment, three selected creativity techniques were tested and the participants were afterwards interviewed about their experiences via an anonymous online survey. The results indicate that creative collaboration is possible and effective also in virtual ad hoc teams. The techniques tested were easily applied and general-ly accepted by the participants and yielded numerous ideas.
Referências
Adams, B. D.; Waldherr, S.; Sartori, J.; Thomson, M. Swift Trust in Distributed Ad Hoc Teams. 2007.
Amabile, T. M. Creativity in context: Update to the social psychology of creativity. Westview Press, 1996.
Amabile, T. M. Componential Theory of Creativity. In: KESSLER, E. H. (Ed.). Encyclopedia of Management Theory. Sage Publications, 2013, pp. 134-139.
Becker, J. H. Kreativitätstechniken. In: BECKER, J. H.; EBERT, H.; PASTOORS, S. (Eds.). Praxishandbuch berufliche Schlüsselkompetenzen. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018, pp. 89–102.
Beyerlein, M.; Han, S. J.; Prasad, A. A Multilevel Model of Collaboration and Creativity. Team Creativity and Innovation, 195–224. 2018.
Bjørn, P.; Ngwenyama, O. Virtual team collaboration: building shared meaning, resolving breakdowns and creating translucence. Information Systems Journal, 19(3), 227–253. 2009.
Chamakiotis, P. Factors Influencing Creativity in Virtual Design Teams. In: ASME 2011. International Design Engineering Technical Conferences (IDETC) and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (CIE). Washington (DC), USA. 2011.
Chamakiotis, P. Exploring Creativity in Temporary Virtual Teams: The Case of Engineering Design. [Doctoral Work]. University of Bath, 2014.
Chamakiotis, P.; Dekoninck, E.; Panteli, N. Creativity in Virtual Design Teams. INTERNATIONAL DESIGN CONFERENCE – DESIGN 2010. Dubrovnik, Croatia. 2010.
Chang, C. M. New organizational designs for promoting creativity: A case study of virtual teams with anonymity and structured interactions. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 28(4), 268–282. 2011.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. The Systems Model of Creativity. (SOFTCOVER reprint OF). SPRINGER, 2016.
Daim, T. U.; Ha, A.; Reutiman, S.; Hughes, B.; Pathak, U.; Bynum, W.; Bhatla, A. Exploring the communication breakdown in global virtual teams. International Journal of Project Management, 30(2), 199–212. 2012.
Furmanek, L.; Daurer, S. Application of Media Synchronicity Theory to Creative Tasks in Virtual Teams Using the Example of Design Thinking. 14th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik. 2019.
Gabriel, A.; Monticolo, D.; Camargo, M.; Bourgault, M. Creativity support systems: A systematic mapping study. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 21, 109–122. 2016.
Gaubinger, K.; Rabl, M.; Swan, S.; Werani, T. Creativity Techniques. In: GAUBINGER, K.; RABL, M.; SWAN, S.; WERANI, T. (Eds.). Springer Texts in Business and Economics. Innovation and Product Management, pp. 115–133. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 2015.
Gawlak, M. Kreativitätstechniken im Innovationsprozess: Von den klassischen Kreativitätstechniken hin zu webbasierten kreativen Netzwerken. Diplomica-Verlag, 2014.
Geschka, H. Kreativitätstechniken und Methoden der Ideenbewertung. In: SOMMERLATTE, T.; BEYER, G. (Eds.). Innovationskultur und Ideenmanagement: Strategien und praktische Ansätze für mehr Wachstum. 1st ed., pp. 217–249. Symposion, 2006.
Jarvenpaa, S. L.; Leidner, D. E. Communication and Trust in Global Virtual Teams. (10), Article 6, 791–815. 1999.
Leopoldino, K. D. M.; González, M. O. A.; Ferreira, P. d. O.; Pereira, J. R.; Souto, M. E. C. Creativity techniques: a systematic literature review. Product Management & Development, 14(2), 95–100. 2016.
Maduka, N. S.; Edwards, H.; Greenwood, D.; Osborne, A.; Babatunde, S. O. Analysis of competencies for effective virtual team leadership in building successful organisations. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 25(2), 696–712. 2018.
Nemiro, J. Creativity in Virtual Teams: Key Components for Success. Collaborative Work Systems Series, v. 6. John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2004.
Nemiro, J. Creativity techniques for virtual teams. In: The handbook of high-performance virtual teams: a toolkit for collaborating across boundaries. Jossey-Bass, 2008, pp. 491–531.
Ness, I. J.; Dysthe, O. Polyphonic Imagination: Understanding Idea Generation in Multidisciplinary Groups as a Multivoiced Stimulation of Fantasy. Creativity Research Journal, 32(1), 30–40. 2020.
Ocker, R. J. Creativity in Asynchronous Virtual Teams: Putting the Pieces Together. In: MACGREGOR, S. P.; TORRES-CORONAS, T. (Eds.). Higher Creativity for Virtual Teams. IGI Global, 2007, pp. 26–47.
Pastoors, S. Kreativität. In: BECKER, J. H.; EBERT, H.; PASTOORS, S. (Eds.). Praxishandbuch berufliche Schlüsselkompetenzen. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018, pp. 81–88.
Paulus, P. B.; Coskun, H. Group Creativity. In: Encyclopedia of Creativity. Elsevier, 2020, pp. 562–568.
Paulus, P. B.; Dzindolet, M.; Kohn, N. W. Collaborative Creativity—Group Creativity and Team Innovation. In: Handbook of Organizational Creativity. Elsevier, 2012, pp. 327–357.
Torres-Coronas, T.; Gasco-Hernandez, M. Improving Virtual Teams through Creativity. In: KISIELNICKI, J. (Ed.). Virtual Technologies. IGI Global, 2008, pp. 1679–1686.
Vreede, T. de; Boughzala, I.; Vreede, G.‑J. de; Reiter-Palmon, R. The Team Creativity Model: An Exploratory Case Study. Journal of the Midwest Association for Information Systems, 2017(1), 19–34. 2017.